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Jakarta, CNBC Indonesia - Investor saham diharuskan untuk membeli minimal satu lot saham. Lantas, berapa sebenarnya satu lot tersebut?
Untuk diketahui, di pasar saham, satuan perdagangannya dinamakan sebagai lot. Mengacu pada peraturan yang ada saat ini, 1 lot berisikan 100 saham.
Sebagai contoh jika suatu saham X harganya Rp 1.000/saham, maka jika 1 lot setara dengan 100 saham, total modal yang dikeluarkan oleh investor tadi untuk membeli 1 lot saham X adalah senilai Rp 100.000.
Secara umum satuan lot setara dengan 100 saham adalah aturan yang cukup umum di bursa global. Misalnya di Malaysia, aturan 1 lot setara dengan 100 saham juga dianut di Negeri Jiran. Bahkan di Singapura dan Jepang satuan lot setara 100 saham juga diterapkan.
Bahkan di bursa saham Amerika Serikat (AS) Wall Street yang menjadi acuan pasar modal global, satuan lot-nya juga 100 saham, terutama saham-saham yang harganya di atas US$ 1 meskipun untuk saham-saham dengan harga yang mahal dimungkinkan untuk ditransaksikan di bawah 100 saham per lot.
Namun di beberapa bursa lain seperti bursa saham Kanada ada yang menerapkan aturan lot berdasarkan fraksi harga atau dikenal dengan sebutan Board Lots. Di Toronto Stock Exchange, satuan lot ini akan sangat mengikuti harga nominal sahamnya.
Untuk saham di dengan harga di atas 1 Dolar Kanada, terdapat 100 saham per lot. Sementara itu untuk saham yang harganya CAD 0,10 - CAD 0,99 maka satu lot akan setara dengan 500 saham. Sedangkan untuk saham yang harga nominalnya lebih rendah dari itu 1 lotnya berisikan 1.000 saham.
Meskipun demikian, di bursa-bursa negara maju sebenarnya ada sistem lain yang juga memfasilitasi investor ritel kecil untuk bertransaksi saham dengan nominal kecil dimana investor ritel biasanya dapat membeli saham di bawah satu lot atau bahkan di bawah 1 lembar saham.
Sistem ini biasanya disebut sebagai fractional shares dan bisanya difasilitasi dengan pembelian Contract for Difference (CFD).
Investor nantinya dapat membeli sebagian kecil atau persentase kepemilikan suatu saham tertentu dengan nominal berapapun sehingga nantinya investor bisa memiliki suatu saham tanpa lot atau lembar saham bulat.
Saksikan video di bawah ini:
Bagi kamu yang senang dengan trading, tentu sudah tahu, dong, apa itu lot saham? Namun, bagi kamu yang memang masih baru dalam menggeluti bidang yang satu ini, istilah lot saham tentu akan terasa sedikit membingungkan.
Sebenarnya apa, sih, yang dimaksud dengan lot saham ini? Apakah lot saham sama dengan unit saham? Tidak perlu bingung, simak penjelasan terkait lot saham berikut!
Secara singkat, kita dapat memaknai lot saham sebagai satuan unit untuk menghitung saham. Misalnya saja, untuk menghitung berat kita menggunakan satuan kilogram, sementara untuk menghitung tinggi, satuan yang digunakan adalah centimeter. Untuk saham, satuan yang digunakan adalah lot.
Jadi, ketika kamu ingin membeli atau menjual sebuah saham, kamu tak bisa hanya membeli atau menjual selembar saham saja. Karena unit satuan yang digunakan adalah lot, jual beli saham dilakukan sedikitnya satu lot dalam setiap transaksi.
Nah, sampai di sini mungkin kamu akan sedikit bingung karena biasanya harga saham dihitung per lembar, padahal praktik jual beli saham hanya dapat dilakukan dengan satuan lot, kan? Jadi, penting sekali untuk mengetahui apa itu lot saham supaya kamu dapat memperkirakan berapa banyak dana yang dibutuhkan untuk membeli saham, terlebih jika harga saham yang kamu ketahui hanya harga per lembarnya saja.
Jadi, berapa banyak, sih, lembar saham dalam satu lot? Langsung saja kita bahas, yuk!
Baca juga: Panduan Analisis Teknikal Saham untuk Pemula
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Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted.
Future developments. Information about developments affecting Form W-9 (such as legislation enacted after we release it) is at www.irs.gov/fw9.
An individual or entity (Form W-9 requester) who is required to file an information return with the IRS must obtain your correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) which may be your social security number (SSN), individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN), adoption taxpayer identification number (ATIN), or employer identification number (EIN), to report on an information return the amount paid to you, or other amount reportable on an information return. Examples of information returns include, but are not limited to, the following:
Use Form W-9 only if you are a U.S. person (including a resident alien), to provide your correct TIN.
If you do not return Form W-9 to the requester with a TIN, you might be subject to backup withholding. See What is backup withholding? on page 2.
By signing the filled-out form, you:
Note. If you are a U.S. person and a requester gives you a form other than Form W-9 to request your TIN, you must use the requester’s form if it is substantially similar to this Form W-9.
Definition of a U.S. person. For federal tax purposes, you are considered a U.S. person if you are:
Special rules for partnerships. Partnerships that conduct a trade or business in the United States are generally required to pay a withholding tax under section 1446 on any foreign partners’ share of effectively connected taxable income from such business. Further, in certain cases where a Form W-9 has not been received, the rules under section 1446 require a partnership to presume that a partner is a foreign person, and pay the section 1446 withholding tax. Therefore, if you are a U.S. person that is a partner in a partnership conducting a trade or business in the United States, provide Form W-9 to the partnership to establish your U.S. status and avoid section 1446 withholding on your share of partnership income.
In the cases below, the following person must give Form W-9 to the partnership for purposes of establishing its U.S. status and avoiding withholding on its allocable share of net income from the partnership conducting a trade or business in the United States:
Foreign person. If you are a foreign person or the U.S. branch of a foreign bank that has elected to be treated as a U.S. person, do not use Form W-9. Instead, use the appropriate Form W-8 or Form 8233 (see Publication 515, Withholding of Tax on Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Entities).
Nonresident alien who becomes a resident alien. Generally, only a nonresident alien individual may use the terms of a tax treaty to reduce or eliminate U.S. tax on certain types of income. However, most tax treaties contain a provision known as a “saving clause.” Exceptions specified in the saving clause may permit an exemption from tax to continue for certain types of income even after the payee has otherwise become a U.S. resident alien for tax purposes.
If you are a U.S. resident alien who is relying on an exception contained in the saving clause of a tax treaty to claim an exemption from U.S. tax on certain types of income, you must attach a statement to Form W-9 that specifies the following five items:
Example. Article 20 of the U.S.-China income tax treaty allows an exemption from tax for scholarship income received by a Chinese student temporarily present in the United States. Under U.S. law, this student will become a resident alien for tax purposes if his or her stay in the United States exceeds 5 calendar years. However, paragraph 2 of the first Protocol to the U.S.-China treaty (dated April 30, 1984) allows the provisions of Article 20 to continue to apply even after the Chinese student becomes a resident alien of the United States. A Chinese student who qualifies for this exception (under paragraph 2 of the first protocol) and is relying on this exception to claim an exemption from tax on his or her scholarship or fellowship income would attach to Form W-9 a statement that includes the information described above to support that exemption.
If you are a nonresident alien or a foreign entity, give the requester the appropriate completed Form W-8 or Form 8233.
What is backup withholding?. Persons making certain payments to you must under certain conditions withhold and pay to the IRS 28% of such payments. This is called “backup withholding.” Payments that may be subject to backup withholding include interest, tax-exempt interest, dividends, broker and barter exchange transactions, rents, royalties, nonemployee pay, payments made in settlement of payment card and third party network transactions, and certain payments from fishing boat operators. Real estate transactions are not subject to backup withholding.
You will not be subject to backup withholding on payments you receive if you give the requester your correct TIN, make the proper certifications, and report all your taxable interest and dividends on your tax return.
Payments you receive will be subject to backup withholding if:
Certain payees and payments are exempt from backup withholding. See Exempt payee code on page 3 and the separate Instructions for the Requester of Form W-9 for more information.
Also see Special rules for partnerships above.
Part I. Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)
Enter your TIN in the appropriate box. If you are a resident alien and you do not have and are not eligible to get an SSN, your TIN is your IRS individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN). Enter it in the social security number box. If you do not have an ITIN, see How to get a TIN below.
If you are a sole proprietor and you have an EIN, you may enter either your SSN or EIN. However, the IRS prefers that you use your SSN.
If you are a single-member LLC that is disregarded as an entity separate from its owner (see Limited Liability Company (LLC) on this page), enter the owner’s SSN (or EIN, if the owner has one). Do not enter the disregarded entity’s EIN. If the LLC is classified as a corporation or partnership, enter the entity’s EIN.
Note. See the chart on page 4 for further clarification of name and TIN combinations.
How to get a TIN. If you do not have a TIN, apply for one immediately. To apply for an SSN, get Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Card, from your local SSA office or get this form online at www.ssa.gov. You may also get this form by calling 1-800-772-1213. Use Form W-7, Application for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number, to apply for an ITIN, or Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, to apply for an EIN. You can apply for an EIN online by accessing the IRS website at www.irs.gov/businesses and clicking on Employer Identification Number (EIN) under Starting a Business. You can get Forms W-7 and SS-4 from the IRS by visiting IRS.gov or by calling 1-800-TAX-FORM (1-800-829-3676).
If you are asked to complete Form W-9 but do not have a TIN, apply for a TIN and write “Applied For” in the space for the TIN, sign and date the form, and give it to the requester. For interest and dividend payments, and certain payments made with respect to readily tradable instruments, generally you will have 60 days to get a TIN and give it to the requester before you are subject to backup withholding on payments. The 60-day rule does not apply to other types of payments. You will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments until you provide your TIN to the requester.
Note. Entering “Applied For” means that you have already applied for a TIN or that you intend to apply for one soon.
Caution: A disregarded U.S. entity that has a foreign owner must use the appropriate Form W-8.
Secure Your Tax Records from Identity Theft
Identity theft occurs when someone uses your personal information such as your name, SSN, or other identifying information, without your permission, to commit fraud or other crimes. An identity thief may use your SSN to get a job or may file a tax return using your SSN to receive a refund.
If your tax records are affected by identity theft and you receive a notice from the IRS, respond right away to the name and phone number printed on the IRS notice or letter.
If your tax records are not currently affected by identity theft but you think you are at risk due to a lost or stolen purse or wallet, questionable credit card activity or credit report, contact the IRS Identity Theft Hotline at 1-800-908-4490 or submit Form 14039.
For more information, see Publication 4535, Identity Theft Prevention and Victim Assistance.
Victims of identity theft who are experiencing economic harm or a system problem, or are seeking help in resolving tax problems that have not been resolved through normal channels, may be eligible for Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS) assistance. You can reach TAS by calling the TAS toll-free case intake line at 1-877-777-4778 or TTY/TDD 1-800-829-4059.
Protect yourself from suspicious emails or phishing schemes. Phishing is the creation and use of email and websites designed to mimic legitimate business emails and websites. The most common act is sending an email to a user falsely claiming to be an established legitimate enterprise in an attempt to scam the user into surrendering private information that will be used for identity theft.
The IRS does not initiate contacts with taxpayers via emails. Also, the IRS does not request personal detailed information through email or ask taxpayers for the PIN numbers, passwords, or similar secret access information for their credit card, bank, or other financial accounts.
If you receive an unsolicited email claiming to be from the IRS, forward this message to [email protected]. You may also report misuse of the IRS name, logo, or other IRS property to the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration (TIGTA) at 1-800-366-4484. You can forward suspicious emails to the Federal Trade Commission at: [email protected] or contact them at www.ftc.gov/idtheft or 1-877-IDTHEFT (1-877-438-4338).
Visit IRS.gov to learn more about identity theft and how to reduce your risk.
Section 6109 of the Internal Revenue Code requires you to provide your correct TIN to persons (including federal agencies) who are required to file information returns with the IRS to report interest, dividends, or certain other income paid to you; mortgage interest you paid; the acquisition or abandonment of secured property; the cancellation of debt; or contributions you made to an IRA, Archer MSA, or HSA. The person collecting this form uses the information on the form to file information returns with the IRS, reporting the above information. Routine uses of this information include giving it to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal litigation and to cities, states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. commonwealths and possessions for use in administering their laws. The information also may be disclosed to other countries under a treaty, to federal and state agencies to enforce civil and criminal laws, or to federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to combat terrorism. You must provide your TIN whether or not you are required to file a tax return. Under section 3406, payers must generally withhold a percentage of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not give a TIN to the payer. Certain penalties may also apply for providing false or fraudulent information.
What Name and Number To Give the Requester
1 List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. If only one person on a joint account has an SSN, that person’s number must be furnished.
2 Circle the minor’s name and furnish the minor’s SSN.
3 You must show your individual name and you may also enter your business or DBA name on the “Business name/disregarded entity” name line. You may use either your SSN or EIN (if you have one), but the IRS encourages you to use your SSN.
4 List first and circle the name of the trust, estate, or pension trust. (Do not furnish the TIN of the personal representative or trustee unless the legal entity itself is not designated in the account title.) Also see Special rules for partnerships on page 2.
*Note. Grantor also must provide a Form W-9 to trustee of trust.
Note. If no name is circled when more than one name is listed, the number will be considered to be that of the first name listed.
Specific Instructions
You must enter one of the following on this line; do not leave this line blank. The name should match the name on your tax return.
If this Form W-9 is for a joint account, list first, and then circle, the name of the person or entity whose number you entered in Part I of Form W-9.
If you have a business name, trade name, DBA name, or disregarded entity name, you may enter it on line 2.
Check the appropriate box in line 3 for the U.S. federal tax classification of the person whose name is entered on line 1. Check only one box in line 3.
Limited Liability Company (LLC). If the name on line 1 is an LLC treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes, check the “Limited Liability Company” box and enter “P” in the space provided. If the LLC has filed Form 8832 or 2553 to be taxed as a corporation, check the “Limited Liability Company” box and in the space provided enter “C” for C corporation or “S” for S corporation. If it is a single-member LLC that is a disregarded entity, do not check the “Limited Liability Company” box; instead check the first box in line 3 “Individual/sole proprietor or single-member LLC.”
If you are exempt from backup withholding and/or FATCA reporting, enter in the appropriate space in line 4 any code(s) that may apply to you.
The following codes identify payees that are exempt from backup withholding. Enter the appropriate code in the space in line 4.
The following chart shows types of payments that may be exempt from backup withholding. The chart applies to the exempt payees listed above, 1 through 13.
2 However, the following payments made to a corporation and reportable on Form 1099-MISC are not exempt from backup withholding: medical and health care payments, attorneys' fees, gross proceeds paid to an attorney reportable under section 6045(f), and payments for services paid by a federal executive agency.
Exemption from FATCA reporting code. The following codes identify payees that are exempt from reporting under FATCA. These codes apply to persons submitting this form for accounts maintained outside of the United States by certain foreign financial institutions. Therefore, if you are only submitting this form for an account you hold in the United States, you may leave this field blank. Consult with the person requesting this form if you are uncertain if the financial institution is subject to these requirements. A requester may indicate that a code is not required by providing you with a Form W-9 with “Not Applicable” (or any similar indication) written or printed on the line for a FATCA exemption code.
Note. You may wish to consult with the financial institution requesting this form to determine whether the FATCA code and/or exempt payee code should be completed.
Enter your address (number, street, and apartment or suite number). This is where the requester of this Form W-9 will mail your information returns.
Enter your city, state, and ZIP code.
Berapa Lembar Saham dalam Satu Lot?
Peraturan terkait banyaknya lembar saham dalam satu lot saham telah diatur oleh Bursa Efek Indonesia. Saat ini, satu lot saham terdiri dari seratus lembar saham dari perusahaan yang telah go public.
Umumnya, saat go public, perusahaan akan menentukan harga per lembar saham yang dimilikinya. Seiring waktu, semakin baik reputasi yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan tersebut, harga lembar sahamnya pun juga akan semakin tinggi.
Sampai di sini, tentu mudah untuk mengetahui berapa banyak dana yang dibutuhkan untuk membeli lot saham, kan? Karena satu lot saham terdiri dari seratus lembar saham, kita cukup mengalikan harga per lembar saham yang diincar dengan seratus.
Misalnya saja, apabila ada perusahaan yang menjual sahamnya dengan harga Rp5.000 per lembar, artinya kamu perlu setidaknya Rp500.000 untuk membeli satu lot saham perusahaan tersebut.
Apabila harga saham tersebut naik dari Rp5.000 per lembar menjadi Rp5.650 per lembar, misalnya saja, harga jual saham tersebut juga akan naik menjadi Rp565.000, atau mengalami peningkatan sebesar Rp65.000 per lot. Sebaliknya, apabila harga saham tersebut turun per lembarnya, harga jualnya juga akan turun cukup besar karena menggunakan satuan lot.
What is FATCA reporting?
The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) requires a participating foreign financial institution to report all United States account holders that are specified United States persons. Certain payees are exempt from FATCA reporting. See Exemption from FATCA reporting code on page 3 and the Instructions for the Requester of Form W-9 for more information.
Updating Your Information
an exempt payee if you are no longer an exempt payee and anticipate receiving reportable payments in the future from this person. For example, you may need to provide updated information if you are a C corporation that elects to be an S corporation, or if you no longer are tax exempt. In addition, you must furnish a new Form W-9 if the name or TIN changes for the account; for example, if the grantor of a grantor trust dies.
Failure to furnish TIN. If you fail to furnish your correct TIN to a requester, you are subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.
Civil penalty for false information with respect to withholding. If you make a false statement with no reasonable basis that results in no backup withholding, you are subject to a $500 penalty.
Criminal penalty for falsifying information. Willfully falsifying certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including fines and/or imprisonment.
Misuse of TINs. If the requester discloses or uses TINs in violation of federal law, the requester may be subject to civil and criminal penalties.
